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Question:
In Sufism, great emphasis is placed upon renunciation of the world (Tark-e-Dunya), whereas the Quran regards monasticism (Rahbaniyyah) with disfavor. Should this concept be deemed contrary to the teachings of the Quran?
Answer:
Owing to the lack of a comprehensive exposition, the term "renunciation of the world" (Tark-e-Dunya) has often engendered confusion and perplexity. In Sufism, renunciation does not signify that a person should become idle, severing engagement with life, and retreat into an isolated corner. Rather, it means that an individual must discharge all worldly responsibilities without turning the world into their ultimate purpose of existence.
Allah Almighty brought this vast and vibrant universe into being precisely for man to inhabit it and derive benefit from it; however, harboring worldly attachment within one's heart is not permissible. Sufism emphasizes that an individual should carry out all mundane affairs with the consciousness that Allah Almighty so wills it, establishing Allah’s pleasure and approbation as their sole objective. One ought to execute every endeavor with wholehearted sincerity and maximal effort, yet surrender the ultimate outcomes entirely to Allah Almighty. The life and character of the Seal of the Prophets (Khatam-ul-Mursaleen) stands before us: he carried out every duty incumbent upon a member of human society, yet never made this world his ultimate aim. That is genuine renunciation.
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